Article 1.
Various Provisions Related to Aliens.
§ 64-1. Rights as to real property.
It is lawful for aliens to take both by purchase and descent, or other operation of law, any lands, tenements or hereditaments, and to hold and convey the same as fully as citizens of this State can or may do, any law or usage to the contrary notwithstanding. (1870-1, c. 255; Code, s. 7; Rev., s. 182; C.S., s. 192; 1935, c. 243; 1939, c. 19.)
§ 64-1.1. Secretary of State to collect information as to foreign ownership of real property. [Repealed.] (1979, c. 610; repealed by 2021 180, s. 37.11(a), effective November 18, 2021.)
§ 64-2. Contracts validated.
All contracts to purchase or sell real estate by or with aliens, heretofore made, shall be deemed and taken as valid to all intents and purposes. (1870-1, c. 255, s. 2; Code, s. 8; Rev., s. 183; C.S., s. 193.)
§ 64-3. Nonresident aliens' rights of inheritance.
No alien residing outside the United States or its territories shall be entitled to take personal property located in this State by succession or testamentary disposition if the laws of the nation of which such alien is a resident prohibit residents of the United States from inheriting personal property located within that nation. Except as hereinabove provided, no alien shall, by reason of his citizenship or place of residence, be disqualified from inheriting property in this State. (1959, c. 1208; 1985 (Reg. Sess., 1986), c. 797, s. 1.)
§ 64-4. Escheats.
If a decedent owning personal property located within North Carolina shall leave no heirs, heirs at law or devisees other than persons disqualified from inheritance under G.S. 64-3, then such personal property shall escheat. (1959, c. 1208; 1985 (Reg. Sess., 1986), c. 797, s. 2; 2011-284, s. 60.)
The burden of proof in any action or proceeding to disqualify a nonresident alien from taking personal property located within this State by succession or testamentary disposition by reason of the provisions of G.S. 64-3, shall be upon the person asserting the disqualification. (1959, c. 1208; 1985 (Reg. Sess., 1986), c. 797, s. 3.)
§ 64-6: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-7: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-8: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-9: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-10: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-11: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-12: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-13: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-14: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-15: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-16: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-17: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-18: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-19: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-20: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-21: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-22: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-23: Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-24: Reserved for future codification purposes.
Article 2.
Verification of Work Authorization.
§ 64-25. Definitions.
The following definitions apply in this Article:
(1) Commissioner. - The North Carolina Commissioner of Labor.
(2) Employ. - Hire an employee.
(3) Employee. - Any individual who provides services or labor for an employer in this State for wages or other remuneration. The term does not include an individual whose term of employment is less than nine months in a calendar year.
(4) Employer. - Any person, business entity, or other organization that transacts business in this State and that employs 25 or more employees in this State. This term does not include State agencies, counties, municipalities, or other governmental bodies.
(5) E-Verify. - The federal E-Verify program operated by the United States Department of Homeland Security and other federal agencies, or any successor or equivalent program used to verify the work authorization of newly hired employees pursuant to federal law.
(6) Unauthorized alien. - As defined in 8 U.S.C. § 1324a(h)(3). (2011-263, s. 3; 2013-418, s. 2(f).)
§ 64-26. Verification of employee work authorization.
(a) Employers Must Use E-Verify. - Each employer, after hiring an employee to work in the United States, shall verify the work authorization of the employee through E-Verify.
(b) Employer Preservation of E-Verify Forms. - Each employer shall retain the record of the verification of work authorization required by this section while the employee is employed and for one year thereafter.
(c) Repealed by Session Laws 2013-418, s. 2(g), effective September 4, 2013. (2011-263, s. 3; 2013-418, s. 2(g).)
§ 64-27. Commissioner of Labor to prepare complaint form.
(a) Preparation of Form. - The Commissioner shall prescribe a complaint form for a person to allege a violation of G.S. 64-26 or G.S. 143-133.3. The form shall clearly state that completed forms may be sent to the Commissioner.
(b) Certain Information Not Required. - The complainant shall not be required to list the complainant's social security number on the complaint form or to have the complaint notarized. (2011-263, s. 3; 2015-294, s. 3.)
§ 64-28. Reporting of complaints.
(a) Filing of Complaint. - Any person with a good faith belief that a violation of G.S. 64-26 or G.S. 143-133.3 has occurred may file a complaint with the Commissioner setting forth the basis for that belief. The complaint may be on a form prescribed by the Commissioner pursuant to G.S. 64-27 or may be made in any other form that gives the Commissioner information that is sufficient to proceed with an investigation pursuant to G.S. 64-29. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the filing of anonymous complaints that are not submitted on a prescribed complaint form.
(b) False Statements a Misdemeanor. - A person who knowingly files a false or frivolous complaint under this section is guilty of a Class 2 misdemeanor. (2011-263, s. 3; 2015-294, s. 4.)
§ 64-29. Investigation of complaints.
(a) Investigation. - Upon receipt of a complaint filed in accordance with G.S. 64-28, the Commissioner shall investigate whether a violation of G.S. 64-26 or G.S. 143-133.3 has in fact occurred.
(b) Certain Complaints Shall Not Be Investigated. - The Commissioner shall not investigate complaints that are based solely on race, religion, gender, ethnicity, or national origin.
(c) Assistance by Law Enforcement. - The Commissioner may request that the State Bureau of Investigation assist in investigating a complaint under this section.
(d) Subpoena for Production of Documents. - The Commissioner may issue a subpoena for production of employment records that relate to the recruitment, hiring, employment, or termination policies, practices, or acts of employment as part of the investigation of a valid complaint under this section. (2011-263, s. 3; 2015-294, s. 5.)
§ 64-30. Actions to be taken; hearing.
If, after an investigation, the Commissioner determines that the complaint is not false or frivolous:
(1) If the alleged violation is of G.S. 64-26:
a. The Commissioner shall hold a hearing to determine if a violation of G.S. 64-26 has occurred and, if appropriate, impose civil penalties in accordance with the provisions of this Article.
b. If, during the course of the hearing required by sub-subdivision a. of this subdivision of this section, the Commissioner concludes that there is a reasonable likelihood that an employee is an unauthorized alien, the Commissioner shall notify the following entities of the possible presence of an unauthorized alien:
1. United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement.
2. Local law enforcement agencies.
(2) If the alleged violation is of G.S. 143-133.3, the Commissioner shall hold a hearing to determine if a violation of the applicable statute has occurred and, if appropriate, shall take action under G.S. 64-33.1. (2011-263, s. 3; 2015-294, s. 6.)
§ 64-31. Consequences of first violation of G.S. 64-26.
(a) Affidavit Must Be Filed. - For a first violation of G.S. 64-26, the Commissioner shall order the employer to file a signed sworn affidavit with the Commissioner within three business days after the order issued pursuant to this subsection is issued. The affidavit shall state with specificity that the employer has, after consultation with the employee, requested a verification of work authorization through E-Verify.
(b) Effect of Failure to File Affidavit. - If an employer fails to timely file an affidavit required by subsection (a) of this section or by G.S. 64-32 or G.S. 64-33, the Commissioner shall order the employer to pay a civil penalty of ten thousand dollars ($10,000). (2011-263, s. 3; 2015-294, s. 7.)
§ 64-32. Consequences of second violation of G.S. 64-26.
For a violation of G.S. 64-26 that occurs after an order has been issued pursuant to G.S. 64-31, the Commissioner shall order the measures required by G.S. 64-31(a) and shall also order the employer to pay a civil penalty of one thousand dollars ($1,000), regardless of the number of required employee verifications the employer failed to make. (2011-263, s. 3; 2015-294, s. 8.)
§ 64-33. Consequences of third or subsequent violation of G.S. 64-26.
For a violation of G.S. 64-26 that occurs after an order has been issued pursuant to G.S. 64-32, the Commissioner shall order the measures required by G.S. 64-31(a), and shall also order the employer to pay a civil penalty of two thousand dollars ($2,000) for each required employee verification the employer failed to make. (2011-263, s. 3; 2015-294, s. 9.)
§ 64-33.1. Consequences of violation of G.S. 143-133.3.
For violation of G.S. 143-133.3, the Commissioner shall notify the board or governing body of the State, or of any institution of the State government, or of any political subdivision of the State, found to have committed the violation that the board or governing body of the State, or of any institution of the State government, or of any political subdivision of the State, is in violation of the applicable statute. The Department of Labor shall maintain a list of any boards or governing bodies of the State, or of any institutions of the State government, or of any political subdivisions of the State, issued notices pursuant to this section and shall make that list available on its Web site. (2015-294, s. 10.)
§ 64-34. Commissioner to maintain copies of orders.
The Commissioner shall maintain copies of orders issued pursuant to G.S. 64-31, 64-32, and 64-33, and shall maintain a database of the employers and business locations that have a violation of G.S. 64-26 and make the orders available on the Commissioner's Web site. (2011-263, s. 3.)
§ 64-35. Work authorization shall be verified through the federal government.
When investigating a complaint under this Article, the Commissioner shall verify the work authorization of the alleged unauthorized alien with the federal government pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1373(c). The Commissioner shall not attempt to independently make a final determination of whether an alien is authorized to work in the United States. (2011-263, s. 3.)
§ 64-36. Appeal of Commissioner's order.
A determination by the Commissioner pursuant to this Article shall be final, unless within 15 days after receipt of notice thereof by certified mail with return receipt, by signature confirmation as provided by the U.S. Postal Service, by a designated delivery service authorized pursuant to 26 U.S.C. § 7502(f)(2) with delivery receipt, or via hand delivery, the employer charged with the violation takes exception to the determination, in which event final determination shall be made in an administrative proceeding pursuant to Article 3 of Chapter 150B of the General Statutes and in a judicial proceeding pursuant to Article 4 of Chapter 150B of the General Statutes. (2011-263, s. 3.)
§ 64-37. Rules.
The Commissioner may adopt rules needed to implement this Article. (2011-263, s. 3.)
§ 64-38. Article does not require action that is contrary to federal or State law.
This Article shall not be construed to require an employer to take any action that the employer believes in good faith would violate federal or State law. (2011-263, s. 3.)
§ 64-39. Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-40. Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-41. Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-42. Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-43. Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-44. Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-45. Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-46. Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-47. Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-48. Reserved for future codification purposes.
§ 64-49. Reserved for future codification purposes.
Article 3.
Prohibit Adversarial Foreign Government Acquisition of High Purity Quartz.
§ 64-50. Title.
This act shall be known and be cited as the North Carolina High Purity Quartz Protection Act. (2024-45, s. 10(a).)
§ 64-51. Purpose.
The General Assembly finds that high purity quartz is a highly valuable resource used in the manufacture of semiconductors, optical fibers, circuit boards, and other technologically advanced components and it is therefore in the public interest for the State to guard its deposits of high purity quartz from the potential of adversarial foreign government control in order to protect our vital mineral and economic resources. (2024-45, s. 10(a).)
§ 64-52. Definitions.
As used in this Article, the following definitions apply:
(1) Adversarial foreign government. - A state-controlled enterprise or the government of a foreign nation that has received a designation under 15 C.F.R. § 7.4 from a determination by the United States Secretary of Commerce that the entity has engaged in a long-term pattern or serious instances of conduct significantly adverse to the national security of the United States or security and safety of United States persons.
(2) Controlling interest. - Possession of more than fifty percent (50%) of the ownership interest in an entity. The term also includes possession of fifty percent (50%) or less of the ownership interest in an entity if an owner directs the business and affairs of the entity without the requirement or consent of any other party.
(3) High purity quartz. - A mineral made of silicon dioxide and containing fewer than 50 parts per million of impurity elements.
(4) Interest. - Any estate, remainder, or reversion, or any portion of the estate, remainder, or reversion, or an option pursuant to which one party has a right to cause the transfer of legal or equitable title to land covered by G.S. 64-53(a); or ownership or partial ownership of a mining operation covered under G.S. 64-53(a).
(5) State-controlled enterprise. - A business enterprise, however denominated, in which a foreign government has a controlling interest. (2024-45, s. 10(a).)
§ 64-53. Adversarial foreign government acquisition of high purity quartz resources prohibited.
(a) Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, no adversarial foreign government shall purchase, acquire, lease, or hold any interest in the following:
(1) A quartz mining operation.
(2) Land containing commercially valuable amounts of high purity quartz.
(b) Any transfer of an interest in land or a mining operation in violation of this section shall be void.
(c) The responsibility for determining whether an individual or other entity is subject to this Article rests solely with the United States Secretary of Commerce and the State of North Carolina and no other individual or entity. An individual or other entity who is not an adversarial foreign government shall bear no civil or criminal liability for failing to determine or make inquiry of whether an individual or other entity is an adversarial foreign government. (2024-45, s. 10(a).)