GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF NORTH CAROLINA
SESSION 2001
S	1
SENATE BILL 300*

 
 
Short Title:	Amend NC Emergency Management Laws.	()	
Sponsors:	Senators Odom;  Albertson, Ballance, Ballantine, Berger, Bingham, Carpenter, Carter, Forrester, Foxx, Garrou, Garwood, Hagan, Harris, Hartsell, Horton, Hoyle, Jordan, Kerr, Lee, Lucas, Martin of Pitt, Metcalf, Plyler, Purcell, Rucho, Shaw of Cumberland, Shaw of Guilford, Soles, Swindell, Thomas, Warren, Weinstein, and Wellons.	
Referred to:	State and Local Government.	
March 5, 2001

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT TO AMEND THE LAWS REGARDING EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AS RECOMMENDED BY THE LEGISLATIVE DISASTER RESPONSE AND RECOVERY COMMISSION.

The General Assembly of North Carolina enacts:
SECTION 1.  G.S. 166A‑4 reads as rewritten:
"§ 166A‑4.  Definitions.
The following definitions apply in this Article:
	(1)	"Associated Expenses." – The costs of administering the disaster or emergency assistance program.
		(2)	"Contiguous Counties or Other Political Subdivisions." – Those land areas that abut the land area of the declared disaster area without geographic separation other than by a minor body of water, not to exceed one mile between the land areas of the counties or other political subdivisions.
(3)	"Disaster." – An occurrence or imminent threat of widespread or severe damage, injury, or loss of life or property resulting from any natural or man‑made accidental, military or paramilitary cause.
(4)	"Disaster Area." – The geographical areas affected by the disaster, including contiguous counties or other political subdivisions. 
(5)	"Eligible Entity." – Any political subdivision. The term also includes an owner or operator of a private nonprofit utility that meets the eligibility criteria set out in this Chapter of the General Statutes.
(6)	"Emergency." – The condition that exists whenever, during times of public crisis, disaster, rioting, catastrophe, or similar public emergency, public safety authorities are unable to maintain public order or afford adequate protection for lives or property, or whenever the occurrence of any such condition is imminent. 
(7)	"Emergency Management." – Those measures taken by the populace and governments at federal, State, and local levels to minimize the adverse effect of any type disaster, which include the never-ending preparedness cycle of prevention, mitigation, warning, movement, shelter, emergency assistance, and recovery.
(8)	"Emergency Management Agency." – A State or local governmental agency charged with coordination of all emergency management activities for its jurisdiction.
(9)	"Law Enforcement Officer." – Any officer of the State of North Carolina or any of its political subdivisions authorized to make arrests; any other person authorized under the laws of North Carolina to make arrests and either acting within his territorial jurisdiction or in an area in which he has been lawfully called to duty by the Governor or any mayor or chair of the board of county commissioners; any member of the armed forces of the United States, the North Carolina national guard, or the State defense militia called to duty in a state of emergency in North Carolina and made responsible for enforcing the laws of North Carolina or preserving the public peace; or any officer of the United States authorized to make arrests without warrant and assigned to duties that include preserving the public peace in North Carolina.
(10)	"Mayor." – The mayor or other chief executive official of a municipality or, in case of the mayor's absence or disability, the person authorized to act in the mayor's stead. Unless the governing body of the municipality has specified who is to act in lieu of the mayor with respect to a particular power or duty set out in this Article, the word "mayor" shall apply to the person generally authorized to act in lieu of the mayor.
(11)	"Political Subdivision." – Counties and incorporated cities, towns and villages.
(12)	"Preliminary Damage Assessment." – The process used by State, local, or federal emergency management workers to determine the severity and magnitude of damages caused by a disaster event.
(13)	"Private Nonprofit Utilities." – A utility that would be eligible for federal public assistance disaster funds pursuant to 44 C.F.R. Part 206.
(14)	"State Acquisition and Relocation Fund." – State funding for supplemental grants to homeowners participating in a Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) Acquisition and Relocation program. These grants are used to acquire safe, decent, and sanitary housing by paying the difference between the cost of the home acquired under the HMGP Program and the cost of a comparable home located outside the 100-year floodplain.
(15)	"State of Emergency." – A state of emergency found and proclaimed by the Governor under the authority of G.S. 166A-6, by any mayor or other municipal official or officials, by any chair of the board of commissioners of any county or other county official or officials, by any chair of the board of county commissioners, by any chief executive official or acting chief executive official of any county or municipality acting under the authority of any other applicable statute or provision of the common law to preserve the public peace in a state of emergency, or by any executive official or military commanding officer of the United States or the State of North Carolina who becomes primarily responsible under applicable law for the preservation of  the public peace within any part of North Carolina.
(16)	"Type I Disaster." – A disaster of limited severity that causes damages within the jurisdictional boundaries of one or more political subdivisions:  (i) that meet or exceed the criteria established for the Small Business Administration Disaster Loan Program pursuant to 13 C.F.R. Part 123; or (ii) that meet or exceed the State infrastructure criteria as provided in this Chapter, but for which the State has not yet received a major disaster declaration by the President of the United States pursuant to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, 42 U.S.C. § 5121, et seq., (“The Stafford Act”). 
(17)	"Type II Disaster." – A disaster that causes damages within the jurisdictional boundaries of one or more political subdivisions that meet or exceed the criteria established for a major disaster declaration under the Stafford Act.
(18)	"Type III Disaster." – A disaster that causes damages within the jurisdictional boundaries of one or more political subdivisions that:
a.	Meet or exceed the criteria established for a major disaster declaration under the Stafford Act that are reasonably expected to meet the threshold established for an increased federal share of disaster assistance under applicable federal law and regulations; or
b.	Require the Governor to call a special session of the General Assembly to implement, activate, or retool programs established in S.L. 1999-463 Extra Session or to create other programs to meet the unmet needs of individuals, persons, or political subdivisions affected by a disaster."
SECTION 2.  G.S. 166A‑5 reads as rewritten:
"§ 166A‑5.  State emergency management.
The State emergency management program includes all aspects of preparations for, response to and recovery from war or peacetime disasters.
(1)	Governor. – The Governor shall have general direction and control of the State emergency management program and shall be responsible for carrying out the provisions of this Article.
a.	The Governor is authorized and empowered:
1.	To make, amend or rescind the necessary orders, rules and regulations within the limits of the authority conferred upon him herein, with due consideration of the policies of the federal government.
2.	To delegate any authority vested in him under this Article and to provide for the subdelegation of any such authority.
3.	To cooperate and coordinate with the President and the heads of the departments and agencies of the federal government, and with other appropriate federal officers and agencies, and with the officers and agencies of other states and local units of government in matters pertaining to the emergency management of the State and nation.
4.	To enter into agreements with the American National Red Cross, Salvation Army, Mennonite Disaster Service and other disaster relief organizations.
5.	To make, amend, or rescind mutual aid agreements in accordance with G.S. 166A‑10.
6.	To utilize the services, equipment, supplies and facilities of existing departments, offices and agencies of the State and of the political subdivisions thereof. The officers and personnel of all such departments, offices and agencies are required to cooperate with and extend such services and facilities to the Governor upon request. This authority shall extend to a state of emergency, state of disaster, imminent threat of disaster or emergency management planning and training purposes.
7.	To agree, when required to obtain federal assistance in debris removal, that the State will indemnify the federal government against any claim arising from the removal of the debris.
8.	To sell, lend, lease, give, transfer or deliver materials or perform services for disaster purposes on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed by any existing law, and to account to the State Treasurer for any funds received for such property.
9.	To use contingency and emergency funds as necessary and appropriate to provide relief and assistance from the effects of a disaster, and to reallocate such other funds as may reasonably be available within the appropriations of the various departments when the severity and magnitude of such disaster so requires and the contingency and emergency funds are insufficient or inappropriate.
b.	In the threat of or event of a disaster, or when requested by the governing body of any political subdivision in the State, the Governor may assume operational control over all or any part of the emergency management functions within this State.
(2)	Secretary of Crime Control and Public Safety. – The Secretary of Crime Control and Public Safety shall be responsible to the Governor for State emergency management activities and shall have:
a.	The power, as delegated by the Governor, to activate the State and local plans applicable to the areas in question and he shall be empowered to authorize and direct the deployment and use of any personnel and forces to which the plan or plans apply, and the use or distribution of any supplies, equipment, materials and facilities available pursuant to this Article or any other provision of law.
a1.	The power, as delegated by the Governor, to adopt the rules and procedures needed to implement this Chapter.
a2. 	The Secretary shall develop a system of damage assessment through which the Secretary will recommend the appropriate level of disaster declaration to the Governor. The system shall, at a minimum, consider whether the damage involved and its effects are of such a severity and magnitude as to be beyond the response capabilities of the local government or political subdivision.
b.	Additional authority, duties, and responsibilities as may be prescribed by the Governor, and he may subdelegate his authority to the appropriate member of his department.
(3)	Functions of State Emergency Management. – The functions of the State emergency management program include:
a.	Coordination of the activities of all agencies for emergency management within the State, including planning, organizing, staffing, equipping, training, testing, and the activation of emergency management programs.
b.	Preparation and maintenance of State plans for man‑made or natural disasters. The State plans or any parts thereof may be incorporated into department regulations and into executive orders of the Governor.
c.	Promulgation of standards and requirements for local plans and programs, determination of eligibility for State financial assistance provided for in G.S. 166A‑7 and provision of technical assistance to local governments.
d.	Development and presentation of training programs and public information programs to insure the furnishing of adequately trained personnel and an informed public in time of need.
e.	Making of such studies and surveys of the resources in this State as may be necessary to ascertain the capabilities of the State for emergency management, maintaining data on these resources, and planning for the most efficient use thereof.
f.	Coordination of the use of any private facilities, services, and property.
g.	Preparation for issuance by the Governor of executive orders, proclamations, and regulations as necessary or appropriate.
h.	Cooperation and maintenance of liaison with the other states, federal government and any public or private agency or entity in achieving any purpose of this Article and in implementing programs for emergency, disaster or war prevention, preparation, response, and recovery.
i.	Making recommendations, as appropriate, for zoning, building and other land‑use controls, and safety measures for securing mobile homes or other nonpermanent or semipermanent works designed to protect against or mitigate the effects of a disaster.
j.	Coordination of the use of existing means of communications and supplementing communications resources and integrating them into a comprehensive State or State‑federal telecommunications or other communications system or network."
SECTION 3.  G.S. 166A‑6 reads as rewritten:
"§ 166A‑6.  State of emergency, threatened disaster, and state of disaster.
(a)	The existence of a state of disaster may be proclaimed by the Governor, or by a resolution of the General Assembly if either of these finds that a disaster threatens or exists.
(a1)	When the Governor determines that a state of emergency exists in any part of North Carolina, the Governor may exercise the powers conferred by this section if the Governor further finds that local control of the emergency is insufficient to assure adequate protection for lives and property. Local control shall be deemed insufficient only if any of the following circumstances exist:
(1)	Needed control cannot be imposed locally because local authorities responsible for preservation of the public peace have not enacted appropriate ordinances or issued appropriate proclamations as authorized by G.S. 166A-8. 
(2)	Local authorities have not taken implementing steps under such ordinances or proclamations, if enacted or proclaimed, for effectual control of the emergency that has arisen.
(3)	The area in which the state of emergency exists has spread across local jurisdictional boundaries, and the legal control measures of the jurisdictions are conflicting or uncoordinated to the extent that efforts to protect life and property are, or unquestionably will be, severely hampered. 
(4)	The scale of the emergency is so great that it exceeds the capability of local authorities to cope with it. 
(a2)	The Governor, when acting under the authority of this section, may by proclamation impose prohibitions and restrictions in all areas affected by the state of emergency and give to all participating State and local agencies and officers any directions needed to assure coordination among them. These directions may include the designation of the officer or agency responsible for directing and controlling the participation of all public agencies and officers in the emergency. The Governor may make this designation in any manner that, in the Governor's discretion, seems most likely to be effective. Any law enforcement officer participating in the control of a state of emergency in which the Governor is exercising control under this section shall have the same power and authority as a sheriff throughout the territory to which the law enforcement officer is assigned.
(a3)	The Governor in the Governor's discretion, as appropriate to deal with the emergency then occurring or likely to occur, may impose any one or more or all of the types of prohibitions and restrictions enumerated in G.S. 166A-8A and may amend or rescind any prohibitions and restrictions imposed by local authorities. 
(a4)	Any person who violates any provision of a proclamation of the Governor issued under the authority of this section is guilty of a Class 2 misdemeanor.
(a5)	The Governor, by proclamation, or the General Assembly, by resolution, may declare a Type I, Type II, or Type III Disaster, if warranted, based upon the severity of damage caused by a disaster that impacts the State. Such a declaration, if made, shall be based upon a preliminary damage assessment provided to the Governor or the General Assembly. 
(a6)	A Type I disaster may be declared if all of the following criteria are met:
(1)	A local state of emergency has been declared pursuant to G.S. 166A-8.
(2)	The governing body of any municipality or county seeking disaster assistance sends a written request for a Type I disaster declaration to the Governor or the General Assembly within five days of the declaration of the local state of emergency.
(3)	The preliminary damage assessment meets or exceeds the criteria established for the Small Business Administration Disaster Loan Program pursuant to 13 C.F.R. Part 123 or meets or exceeds the State infrastructure criteria as provided in this Chapter.
(4)	A major disaster declaration by the President of the United States pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 5121, et seq. (“The Stafford Act”) has not yet been declared. 
(a7)	A Type I disaster declaration may be made by the Governor or the General Assembly prior to, and independently of, any action taken by the Small Business Administration, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), or any other federal agency. A Type I disaster declaration shall expire 30 days after its issuance unless renewed by the Governor or the General Assembly. Such renewals may be made in increments of 30 days each, not to exceed a total of 120 days from the date of first issuance. The Joint Legislative Commission on Governmental Operations shall be notified prior to the issuance of any renewal of a Type I disaster declaration. 
(a8)	A Type II disaster may be declared if a major disaster declaration by the President of the United States pursuant to the Stafford Act has been issued. The Governor may request federal disaster assistance under the Stafford Act without making a Type I disaster declaration.  A Type II disaster declaration shall expire six months after its issuance unless renewed by the Governor or the General Assembly. Such renewals may be made in increments of three months each, not to exceed a total of 12 months from the date of first issuance. The Joint Legislative Commission on Governmental Operations shall be notified prior to the issuance of any renewal of a Type II disaster declaration. 
(a9)	A Type III disaster may be declared if the President of the United States issues a major disaster declaration under the Stafford Act. A Type III disaster declaration shall expire 12 months after its issuance unless renewed by the General Assembly. 
(a10)	Any state of disaster declared before January 1, 2002, shall terminate by a proclamation of the Governor or resolution of the General Assembly. A proclamation or resolution declaring or terminating a state of disaster shall be disseminated promptly by means calculated to bring its contents to the attention of the general public and, unless the circumstances attendant upon the disaster prevent or impede, promptly filed with the Secretary of Crime Control and Public Safety, the Secretary of State and the clerks of superior court in the area to which it applies.
(a11)	When it is determined by the Governor that a great public crisis, disaster, riot, catastrophe, or any other similar public emergency exists, or the occurrence of any such condition is imminent, and, in the Governor’s opinion, it is necessary to evacuate any building owned or controlled by any department, agency, institution, school, college, board, division, commission, or subdivision of the State in order to maintain public order and safety or to afford adequate protection for lives or property, the Governor may issue an order of evacuation directing all persons within the building to leave the building and its premises. The order shall be delivered to any law enforcement officer or officer of the national guard, and the officer shall, by a suitable public address system, read the order to the occupants of the building and demand that the occupants evacuate the building within the time specified in the Governor’s order. 
Any person who willfully refuses to leave the building as directed in the Governor’s order shall be guilty of a Class 2 misdemeanor. 
(b)	In addition to any other powers conferred upon the Governor by law, during a state of emergency or disaster, the Governor shall have the following:
(1)	To utilize all available State resources as reasonably necessary to cope with an emergency or disaster, including the transfer and direction of personnel or functions of State agencies or units thereof for the purpose of performing or facilitating emergency services;
(2)	To take such action and give such directions to State and local law‑enforcement officers and agencies as may be reasonable and necessary for the purpose of securing compliance with the provisions of this Article and with the orders, rules and regulations made pursuant thereto;
(3)	To take steps to assure that measures, including the installation of public utilities, are taken when necessary to qualify for temporary housing assistance from the federal government when that assistance is required to protect the public health, welfare, and safety;
(4)	Subject to the provisions of the State Constitution to relieve any public official having administrative responsibilities under this Article of such responsibilities for willful failure to obey an order, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this Article.
(c)	In addition, during a state of emergency or disaster, with the concurrence of the Council of State, the Governor has the following powers:
(1)	To direct and compel the evacuation of all or part of the population from any stricken or threatened area within the State, to prescribe routes, modes of transportation, and destinations in connection with evacuation; and to control ingress and egress of a disaster area, the movement of persons within the area, and the occupancy of premises therein;
(2)	To establish a system of economic controls over all resources, materials and services to include food, clothing, shelter, fuel, rents and wages, including the administration and enforcement of any rationing, price freezing or similar federal order or regulation;
(3)	To regulate and control the flow of vehicular and pedestrian traffic, the congregation of persons in public places or buildings, lights and noises of all kinds and the maintenance, extension and operation of public utility and transportation services and facilities;
(4)	To waive a provision of any regulation or ordinance of a State agency or a local governmental unit which restricts the immediate relief of human suffering;
(5)	To use contingency and emergency funds as necessary and appropriate to provide relief and assistance from the effects of a disaster, and to reallocate such other funds as may reasonably be available within the appropriations of the various departments when the severity and magnitude of such disaster so requires and the contingency and emergency funds are insufficient or inappropriate;
(6)	To perform and exercise such other functions, powers and duties as are necessary to promote and secure the safety and protection of the civilian population;
(7)	To appoint or remove an executive head of any State agency or institution the executive head of which is regularly selected by a State board or commission.
a.	Such an acting executive head will serve during:
1.	The physical or mental incapacity of the regular office holder, as determined by the Governor after such inquiry as the Governor deems appropriate;
2.	The continued absence of the regular holder of the office; or
3.	A vacancy in the office pending selection of a new executive head.
b.	An acting executive head of a State agency or institution appointed in accordance with this subdivision may perform any act and exercise any power which a regularly selected holder of such office could lawfully perform and exercise.
c.	All powers granted to an acting executive head of a State agency or institution under this section shall expire immediately:
1.	Upon the termination of the incapacity as determined by the Governor of the officer in whose stead he acts;
2.	Upon the return of the officer in whose stead he acts; or
3.	Upon the selection and qualification of a person to serve for the unexpired term, or the selection of an acting executive head of the agency or institution by the board or commission authorized to make such selection, and his qualification.
(8)	To procure, by purchase, condemnation, seizure or by other means to construct, lease, transport, store, maintain, renovate or distribute materials and facilities for emergency management without regard to the limitation of any existing law.
(d)	In preparation for a state of emergency or disaster, with the concurrence of the Council of State, the Governor may use contingency and emergency funds as necessary and appropriate for National Guard training in preparation for disasters."
SECTION 4.  Article I of Chapter 166A of the General Statutes is amended by adding a new section to read:
"§ 166A-6A.  State-sponsored disaster and emergency assistance programs.
(a)	Pursuant to G.S. 166A-6, the Governor or the General Assembly may declare a state of emergency and state of disaster. The Governor or the General Assembly may declare a Type I, Type II, or Type III disaster under the provisions of this Chapter. 
(b)	The Governor may make grants to political subdivisions for disaster assistance programs authorized by this Chapter of the General Statutes or other disaster programs that are enacted by the General Assembly. Political subdivisions and individuals shall apply for disaster assistance programs within the prescribed application period. Benefits under the disaster assistance programs authorized by this Chapter may continue to be disbursed after the termination of the disaster or emergency declaration. 
(c)	The State and eligible entities may be compensated for associated expenses.
(d)	Pursuant to the declaration of a Type I disaster, the following programs may be implemented: 
(1)	Individual Assistance. – The Governor may make a grant to a local governmental unit in an area adversely affected by a declared disaster. The local governmental unit shall use the funds to make grants to individuals or families who are unable to meet disaster-related necessary expenses or other serious needs resulting from a disaster. In disaster areas, the Governor may make grants to meet the needs of individuals and families regardless of whether the President has made a major disaster declaration. Individual Assistance programs may include all of the following:
a.	Funding to provide temporary housing and rental assistance.
b.	Funding to repair or replace real property and thereby meet the unmet real property needs of individuals or families with disaster-related real property losses. These funds shall be used to make repair and replacement housing grants available to the individuals or families in an amount necessary to relocate the individual or family to safe, decent, and sanitary housing, but shall not exceed seventy-five thousand dollars ($75,000) per family.
c.	Funding to replace personal property (including clothing, tools, and equipment).
d.	Funding to repair, replace, or provide privately owned vehicles or to provide public transportation.
e.	Funding for medical or dental expenses.
f.	Funding for funeral or burial expenses resulting from the disaster. 
g.	Funding for the cost of the first year’s flood insurance premium to meet the requirements of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 4001, et seq.
h.	Funding for legal counseling.
(2)	Public Assistance. – The Governor may make grants for public assistance programs. To receive public assistance grants, eligible entities must participate in the National Flood Insurance Program and must have an approved hazard mitigation plan within one year after the enactment of this statute. 
a.	The Governor may make public assistance grants to a political subdivision for a public utility or to a person or entity that owns or operates an eligible private nonprofit utility. The public assistance grants may include associated expenses incurred by the political subdivision, person, or entity.
b.	Public Assistance programs include all of the following:
1.	Debris clearance.
2.	Emergency protective measures.
3.	Roads and bridges.
4.	Crisis counseling.
c.	Pursuant to G.S. 166A-6, for any Type I disaster, the State of North Carolina, through the Governor, may provide disaster or emergency assistance to any political subdivision or eligible private nonprofit utility for public assistance programs only when both of the following occur:
1.	There is a minimum of ten thousand dollars ($10,000) in uninsurable losses.
2.	The losses equal or exceed five percent (5%) of the annual operating budget.
d.	Each political subdivision or eligible private nonprofit utility receiving a State public assistance grant may be required to provide matching funds to meet eligible costs and expenses. 
e.	Pursuant to G.S. 166A-6A, for Type I disasters, political subdivisions, and owner or operator of an eligible private nonprofit utility may be required to provide non-State matching funds not to exceed twenty-five percent (25%) of the eligible costs of the public assistance grant.
(e)	For Type II or Type III disaster declarations, the Governor may make disaster assistance grants when the federal assistance authorized by the Stafford Act does not fully meet the needs of the individual or family. Associated expenses may be available to the State and to eligible entities. 
(1)	Programs offered under Type II disasters include all of the following:
a.	State Acquisition and Relocation Funds (SARF).
b.	Repair and replacement housing grants available to the individuals or families in an amount necessary to relocate the individual and family to safe, decent, and sanitary housing not to exceed seventy-five thousand dollars ($75,000) per family.
(2)	Programs offered under Type III disasters include all of the following:
a.	State Acquisition and Relocation Funds (SARF).
b.	Repair and replacement housing grants available to the individuals or families in an amount necessary to relocate the individual and family to safe, decent, and sanitary housing not to exceed seventy-five thousand dollars ($75,000) per family.
c.	Any programs authorized by the General Assembly."
SECTION 5.  G.S. 166A‑8 reads as rewritten:
"§ 166A‑8.  Local emergency authorizations.(1)	A local state of emergency may be declared for any disaster, as defined in G.S. 166A-4.(2)	The declaration shall activate the local ordinances authorized in G.S. 166A-8A through G.S. 166A-8C and any and all applicable local plans, mutual assistance compacts and agreements and shall also authorize the furnishing of assistance there under.
(3)	The timing, publication, amendment and recision of local "state of emergency" declarations shall be in accordance with the local ordinance."
SECTION 6.  Article 1 of Chapter 166A of the General Statutes is amended by adding the following new sections:
"§ 166A-8A.  Powers of municipalities to enact ordinances to deal with states of emergency.
(a)	The governing body of any municipality may enact ordinances designed to permit the imposition of prohibitions and restrictions during a state of emergency. The ordinances may delegate to the mayor of the municipality the authority to determine and proclaim the existence of a state of emergency and to impose those authorized prohibitions and restrictions appropriate at a particular time. The ordinances authorized by this section may prohibit and restrict any of the following: 
(1)	The movements of people in public places. 
(2)	The operation of offices, business establishments, and other places to or from which people may travel or at which they may congregate. 
(3)	The possession, transportation, sale, purchase, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. 
(4)	The possession, transportation, sale, purchase, storage, and use of dangerous weapons and substances, and gasoline. 
(5)	Any other activities or conditions the control of which may be reasonably necessary to maintain order and protect lives or property during the state of emergency. 
(b)	This section is intended to supplement and confirm the powers conferred by G.S. 160A-174(a) and all other general and local laws authorizing municipalities to enact ordinances for the protection of the public health and safety in times of riot or other grave civil disturbance or emergency. 
(c)	Any ordinance of a type authorized by this section promulgated prior to June 19, 1969, shall, if otherwise valid, continue in full force and effect without reenactment. 
(d)	 Any person who violates any provision of an ordinance or a proclamation enacted or proclaimed under the authority of this section is guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor.
"§ 166A-8B.  Powers of counties to enact ordinances to deal with states of emergency.
(a)	The governing body of any county may enact ordinances designed to permit the imposition of prohibitions and restrictions during a state of emergency. 
(b)	The ordinances authorized by this section may permit the same prohibitions and restrictions to be imposed as enumerated in G.S. 166A-8(A). The ordinances may delegate to the chair of the board of county commissioners the authority to determine and proclaim the existence of a state of emergency and to impose those authorized prohibitions and restrictions appropriate at a particular time. 
(c)	No ordinance enacted by a county under the authority of this section shall apply within the corporate limits of any municipality or within any area of the county over which the municipality has jurisdiction to enact general police-power ordinances unless the municipality by resolution consents to its application. 
(d)	Any person who violates any provision of an ordinance or a proclamation enacted or proclaimed under the authority of this section is guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor.
"§ 166A-8C.  Power of chair of board of county commissioners to extend emergency restrictions imposed in municipality.
(a)	The chair of the board of commissioners of any county who has been requested to do so by a mayor may by proclamation extend the effect of any one or more of the prohibitions and restrictions imposed in that mayor's municipality pursuant to the authority granted in G.S. 166A-8(A). The chair may extend the prohibitions and restrictions to any area within the county in which the chair determines it to be necessary to assist in controlling the state of emergency within the municipality. No prohibition or restriction extended by proclamation by the chair under the authority of this section shall apply within the limits of any other municipality or within any area of the county over which the municipality has jurisdiction to enact general police-power ordinances unless that other municipality by resolution consents to its application. 
(b)	Whenever any chair of the board of county commissioners extends the effect of municipal prohibitions and restrictions under the authority of this section to any area of the county, it shall be deemed that a state of emergency has been validly found and declared with respect to such area of the county. 
(c)	Any chair of a board of county commissioners extending prohibitions and restrictions under the authority of this section must take reasonable steps to give notice of its terms to those likely to be affected. The chair of the board of commissioners shall proclaim the termination of any prohibitions and restrictions extended under the authority of this section upon any of the following: 
(1)	The chair's determination that they are no longer necessary.
(2)	The determination of the board of county commissioners that they are no longer necessary.
(3)	The termination of the prohibitions and restrictions within the municipality. 
(d)	The powers authorized under this section may be exercised whether or not the county has enacted ordinances under the authority of G.S. 166A-8(B). Exercise of this authority shall not preclude the imposition of prohibitions and restrictions under any ordinances enacted by the county under the authority of G.S. 166A-8(B). 
(e)	Any person who violates any provision of any prohibition or restriction extended by proclamation under the authority of this section is guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor.
"§ 166A-8D.  Effective time, publication, amendment, and recision of proclamations.
(a)	This section applies to proclamations issued under the authority of G.S. 166A-8A, 166A-8B, 166A-8C, and any other applicable statutes and provisions of the common law.
(b)	All prohibitions and restrictions imposed by proclamation shall take effect immediately upon publication of the proclamation in the area affected unless the proclamation sets a later time. For the purpose of requiring compliance, publication may consist of reports of the substance of the prohibitions and restrictions in the mass communications media serving the affected area or other effective methods of disseminating the necessary information quickly. As soon as practicable, however, appropriate distribution of the full text of any proclamation shall be made. This subsection shall not be governed by the provisions of G.S. 1-597. 
(c)	Prohibitions and restrictions may be extended as to time or area, amended, or rescinded by proclamation. Prohibitions and restrictions imposed by proclamation under the authority of G.S. 166A-8 shall expire five days after their last imposition unless sooner terminated under G.S. 166A-8, by proclamation, or by the governing body of the county or municipality in question. Prohibitions and restrictions imposed by proclamation of the Governor shall expire five days after their last imposition unless sooner terminated by proclamation of the Governor.
"§ 166A-8E.  Municipal and county ordinances may be made immediately effective if state of emergency exists or is imminent.
(a)	Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whether general or special, relating to the promulgation or publication of ordinances by any municipality or county, this section shall control with respect to any ordinances authorized by G.S. 166A-8. 
(b)	Upon proclamation by the mayor or chair of the board of county commissioners that a state of emergency exists within the municipality or the county, or is imminent, any ordinance enacted under the authority of this Article shall take effect immediately unless the ordinance sets a later time. If the effect of this section is to cause an ordinance to go into effect sooner than it otherwise could under the law applicable to the municipality or county, the mayor or chair of the board of county commissioners, as the case may be, shall take steps to cause reports of the substance of any such ordinance to be disseminated in a fashion that such substance will likely be communicated to the public in general, or to those who may be particularly affected by the ordinance if it does not affect the public generally. As soon as practicable thereafter, appropriate distribution or publication of the full text of any such ordinance shall be made."
SECTION 7.  G.S. 166A‑14(c) reads as rewritten:
"(c)	Any requirement for a license to practice any professional, mechanical or other skill shall not apply to any authorized emergency management worker who shall, in the course of performing his duties as such, practice such professional, mechanical or other skill during a state of emergency or disaster."
SECTION 8.  G.S. 14‑288.12 through G.S. 14‑288.17 and G.S. 14‑288.19 are repealed.
SECTION 9.  This act becomes effective December 1, 2001.  Prosecutions for offenses committed before the effective date of this act are not abated or affected by this act, and the statutes that would be applicable but for this act remain applicable to those prosecutions.