A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT to amend the general statutes with respect to pooled trusts and estate recovery under medicaid.
The General Assembly of North Carolina enacts:
SECTION 1.  Chapter 36D of the General Statutes reads as rewritten:
"Chapter 36D.
"North Carolina Community Trust for 
Disabled Persons.
"§ 36D‑1.  Title; findings.
(a)	This Chapter shall be known and may be cited as the "North Carolina Community Trust for  Disabled Persons Act."
(b)	The General Assembly finds that it is in the public interest to encourage activities by voluntary associations and private citizens that will supplement and augment those services provided by local, State, and federal government agencies in discharge of their responsibilities toward  disabled individuals. The General Assembly further finds that, as a result of changing social, economic, and demographic trends, families of disabled persons are increasingly aware of the need for a vehicle by which they can assure ongoing individualized personal concern for a  disabled family member who may survive that disabled person's parents or other family members, and provide for the efficient management of trust funds to be used for the benefit of that disabled person. In a number of other states, voluntary associations have established foundations or trusts intended to be responsive to these concerns. Therefore, the General Assembly finds that North Carolina will benefit by the enactment of enabling legislation expressly authorizing the formation of pooled trusts in accordance with 42 U.S.C.S. § 1396p(d)(4)(C) and criteria set forth by statute and administered by the Secretary of State, under Chapter 55A of the General Statutes. (c)	This Article shall be liberally construed and applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies, which are, among others, to:
(1)	Encourage the orderly establishment of community trusts for the benefit of  disabled persons;
(2)	Ensure that community trusts are administered properly and that the managing boards of the trusts are free from conflicts of interest;
(3)	Facilitate sound administration of trust funds for  disabled persons by allowing the community trust to pool trust funds in order to make professional management investment more efficient;(4)	Provide parents of  disabled persons peace of mind in knowing that a means exists to ensure that the interests of their  disabled children are properly looked after and managed after the parents die or become incapacitated;
(5)	Help make guardians available for  disabled persons who are incompetent, when no other family member is available for this purpose;
(6)	Encourage the availability of private resources to purchase for  disabled persons goods and services that are not available through any governmental or charitable program and to conserve these resources by limiting purchases to those that are not available from other sources;
(7)	Encourage the inclusion, as beneficiaries of pooled trusts, of persons who lack resources and whose families are indigent, in a way that does not diminish the resources available to other beneficiaries whose families have contributed to the pooled trust; and
(8)	Remove the disincentives that discourage parents and others from setting aside funds for the future protection of  disabled persons by ensuring that the interest of beneficiaries in pooled trusts that meet the rules set forth by the Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Medical Assistance, are not considered assets or income that would disqualify them from any governmental or charitable entitlement program with an economic means test.
"§ 36D‑2.  Definitions.
As used in this Article, unless the context clearly requires otherwise:
(1)	"Beneficiary" means any person  who is disabled as defined in 42 U.S.C.S. § 1382c(a)(3)  on whose behalf an individual trust sub‑account was established within the pooled trust by the parent, grandparent, or legal guardian of such individual, by such individual, or by a court before that individual reached the age of 65 and who has the right to receive those services and benefits  provided by the community trust.
(2)	"Community trust" means a nonprofit corporation that offers the following services:
a.	Administration of  pooled trust funds for disabled persons;b.	Follow along services;
c.	Guardianship for  disabled persons who are incompetent, when no other family member or immediate friend is available for this purpose; and
d.	Advice and counsel to persons who have been appointed as individual guardians of the persons or estates of  disabled persons.
(2a)	"Department" means the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services.
(2b)	"Disabled person" or "disabled individual" means any person who is disabled as defined in 42 U.S.C.S. § 1382c(a)(3).
(3)	"Follow along services" means (i) those services offered by community trusts that are designed to ensure that the needs of each beneficiary are being met for as long as may be required and may include periodic visits to the beneficiary and to the places where the beneficiary receives services, (ii) participation in the development of individualized plans being made by service providers for the beneficiary, and (iii) other similar services consistent with the purposes of this Article.
(3a)	"Pooled trust" or "umbrella pooled trust" means a trust that contains the assets of individuals who are disabled, which is established in accordance with the rules set forth for pooled trusts by the Department and contains a separate sub‑account for each beneficiary of the trust, but the funds in the accounts are pooled for purposes of investment and management of funds. Sub‑accounts in the pooled trust are established solely for the benefit of the disabled individuals on whose behalf the sub‑account is established. There shall be one trust investment governing the umbrella pooled trust that shall be approved by the Department.
	(5)	"Surplus trust funds" means funds accumulated in the  individual trust sub‑account from contributions made by or on behalf of an individual beneficiary that, after the death of the beneficiary, are determined by the board to be in excess of the actual cost of providing services during the beneficiary's lifetime, including the beneficiary's share of administrative costs.
(6)	"Trustee" means any member of the board of a corporation,  whether that member is designated as a trustee, director, manager, governor, or by any other title.
"§ 36D‑3.  Scope.
This Chapter applies to every community trust established in this State. In addition to meeting the other requirements of this Article, every board that administers a community trust shall incorporate as a nonprofit corporation under Chapter 55A of the General Statutes. Except as otherwise provided in this Chapter, Chapter 55A of the General Statutes applies to community trusts.
"§ 36D‑4.  Administration; powers and duties.
(a)	Every community trust shall be administered by a board. The board shall be comprised of no less than nine and no more than 21 members, at least one‑third of whom are parents or relatives of  disabled persons. No board member shall be a provider of habilitative, health, social, or educational services to  disabled persons or an employee of such a service provider. The board may, however, allow service providers to serve on the board in an advisory capacity. Board members shall be selected, to the maximum extent possible, from geographic areas throughout the area served by the trust.
The certificate of incorporation filed with the Secretary of State under Chapter 55A of the General Statutes shall, in addition to the requirements set forth in that Chapter, demonstrate that the requirements of this section have been met.
(b)	Notwithstanding any other law, no trustee may be compensated for services provided as a member of the board of a community trust. No fees or commissions shall be paid to these trustees; however, a trustee may be paid for necessary expenses incurred by the trustee and may receive indemnification as permitted under Chapter 55A of the General Statutes.
(c)	For every community trust incorporated under this Article, the corporation itself is considered the trustee of any funds administered by it. No individual board member is considered to be trustee of any fund deposited on behalf of any  individual beneficiary.(d)	The board shall adopt bylaws that include a declaration delineating the primary geographic area serviced by the trust and the principal services to be provided. The board shall file the bylaws with the Secretary of State.
(e)	The board may retain paid staff as it considers necessary to provide follow along services to the extent required by each beneficiary. The community trust may authorize the expenditure of funds from a beneficiary's sub‑account for any goods or services, including recreational services, but not including luxury items, which the  community trust determines is for the sole benefit of the beneficiary. The community trust may  authorize the expenditure of funds from a beneficiary's sub‑account for the  reasonable burial expenses of any beneficiary. The community  trust may not, however, expend funds for any goods or services of comparable quality to those available to any particular beneficiary through any governmental or charitable program, insurance, or other sources. The community trust may expend funds to meet the reasonable costs of administering the community trust.
(f)	The community trust is not required to provide services to a beneficiary who is a competent adult and who has refused to accept the services. Further, the community trust shall not provide services of a nature or in a manner that would be contrary to the public policy of this State at the time the services are to be provided. In either case, the community trust may offer alternate services that are consistent with the purposes of this Article and in keeping with the best interests of the beneficiary.
(g)	The community trust may accept appointment as guardian of the person, guardian of the estate, or guardian of both on behalf of any beneficiary. If the community trust accepts appointment as guardian of the person of an individual, it shall assign a staff member to carry out its responsibilities as the guardian. The community trust may, upon request, offer consultative and professional assistance to an individual, private or public guardian of any of its beneficiaries.
(h)	The community trust may accept contributions, bequests, and designations under life insurance policies to the community trust on behalf of disabled individuals for the purpose of qualifying them as beneficiaries.
(i)	At the time a contribution, bequest, or assignment of insurance proceeds is made, the trustor shall receive a written statement of the services to be provided to the beneficiary. The statement shall include a starting date for the delivery of services or the condition precedent, such as the death of the trustor, which shall determine the starting date. The statement shall describe the frequency with which services shall be provided and their duration, and the criteria or procedures for modifying the program of services from time to time in the best interests of the beneficiary.
(j)	No trustee, board member, or paid staff member of a community trust shall undertake legal representation or other professional services on behalf of the trust or its beneficiaries.
"§ 36D‑5.  Accountability.
Along with the annual report filed with the Secretary of State under Chapter 55A of the General Statutes, the community trust shall file an itemized statement that shows the funds collected for the year, income earned, salaries, other expenses incurred, and the opening and final  pooled trust and individual trust sub‑account balances. A copy of this statement shall be made available, upon request, to any beneficiary, trustor, designee of the  trustor, or the Department. In addition, once annually, each trustor or the trustor's designee shall receive a detailed individual statement of the services provided to the trustor's beneficiary during the previous 12 months and the services to be provided during the following 12 months. The community trust shall make a copy of the individual statement available to any beneficiary or the Department, upon request.
"§ 36D‑6.  Gifts, surplus trust funds.
The community trust may accept gifts and use surplus trust funds for the purpose of qualifying as beneficiary any indigent person whose family members lack the resources to make a full contribution on that person's behalf. A maximum of fifty percent (50%) of surplus trust funds may be retained in the pooled trust account for this sole purpose. Upon termination of an individual trust account, at least fifty percent (50%) of the surplus trust funds remaining in the individual account shall be used to satisfy any claims or liens of the Department, up to an amount equal to the total medical assistance paid on behalf of or to the disabled individual by the Department. The amount retained by the trust shall be based on a sliding scale calculation, based upon the number of years the disabled individual received services from the community trust, but in no instance shall the pooled trust retain more than fifty percent (50%) of the surplus trust funds. The community trust shall not distribute surplus trust funds to any remaindermen identified in the trust document, nor shall it  use surplus trust funds to make any charitable contribution on behalf of any beneficiary or any group or class of beneficiaries. The community trust may accept gifts to meet start‑up  costs and reduce the charges to the trust for the cost of administration. Gifts made to the trust for an unspecified purpose shall be used by the community trust either to qualify indigent persons whose families lack the means to qualify them as beneficiaries of the trust or to meet any start‑up costs that the trust incurs.
"§ 36D‑7.  Special requests on behalf of beneficiary.
The community trust may agree to fulfill any special requests made on behalf of a beneficiary as long as the requests are consistent with this Chapter and with federal law concerning pooled trusts for the disabled, 42 U.S.C.S. § 1396p(d)(4)(C) and provided that an adequate contribution has been made for this purpose on behalf of a beneficiary. The community trust may agree to serve as trustee for any individual private trust created on behalf of a disabled beneficiary, regardless of whether the trust is revocable or irrevocable, has one or more remaindermen or contingent beneficiaries, or any other  condition. The fact that the community trust agrees to serve as trustee does not mean the private trust meets the rules adopted by the Department or that the disabled beneficiary shall be eligible for public benefits."§ 36D‑8.  Pooled trust rules.(a)	The Department shall adopt rules, consistent with the purposes of this Chapter, governing the eligibility of pooled trust beneficiaries for State medical assistance and State‑County Special Assistance.
(b)	Rules adopted by the Department shall include pre‑execution requirements, permissible trust terms, accounting and termination requirements, disbursements, and other rules necessary for the implementation of this Chapter, and shall establish a trust instrument template to be used for the creation of each beneficiary's trust sub‑account.
(c)	Rules adopted by the Department shall specifically state the following:
(1)	That the pooled trust is irrevocable;
(2)	That the State shall be paid an amount equal to the total medical assistance paid on behalf of the disabled individual by the Department from funds remaining in the individual trust sub‑account upon the death of the beneficiary or termination of the trust; and
(3)	That if the pooled trust is to be subject to the Department's subrogated rights of recovery under G.S. 108A‑57, such subrogated rights of recovery shall be satisfied in full prior to execution or judicial approval of the trust.
"§ 36D‑9.  Beneficiary's interest in trust not asset for income eligibility determination.
 The beneficiary's interest in any pooled trust  may not be considered an asset for the purpose of determining income eligibility for any publicly operated program, nor  may any agency reduce the benefits or services available to any disabled individual because that person is the beneficiary of a pooled trust, provided that the trust complies with rules adopted by the Department. The beneficiary's interest shall not be reached in satisfaction of a claim for support and maintenance of the beneficiary."§ 36D‑10.  Trust not subject to law against perpetuities; restraints on alienation.
A community trust shall not be subject to or held to be in violation of any principle of law against perpetuities or restraints on alienation or perpetual accumulations of trusts.
"§ 36D‑11.  Settlement; trustee limitations.
(a)	The community trust shall settle the pooled trust by filing a final accounting in the superior court. In addition, the trustee shall provide a final disbursement and accounting for an individual sub‑account to the Division of Medical Assistance, Third Party Recovery Section, within 60 days of the date of the death of the beneficiary or the termination of the trust. An individual trust account shall terminate upon the death of the beneficiary.(b)	 At any time before the settlement of the final account, the community trust, the Secretary of State, or the Attorney General may bring an action for the dissolution of a nonprofit corporation in the superior court for the purpose of terminating the trust or merging it with another charitable trust.
(c)	No trustee or any private individual is entitled to share in the distribution of any of the trust assets upon dissolution, merger, or settlement of the community trust. Upon dissolution, merger, or settlement, the superior court shall distribute all of the remaining net assets of the community trust in a manner that is consistent with the purposes of this Chapter."
SECTION 2.  This act is effective when it becomes law.